He ʻano koʻikoʻi ka nānā ʻana i ka radiation no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana i nā kaiapuni kahi i loaʻa ai ka radiation ionizing. ʻO ka radiation Ionizing, e komo pū ana i ka radiation gamma i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā isotopes e like me cesium-137, he mau pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi, pono nā ʻano nānā pono. Ke ʻimi nei kēia ʻatikala i nā loina a me nā ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ka radiation, e kālele ana i nā ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia, a me kekahirhoʻohuihuimhoʻolahadnā mea hana hewai hoohana mau ia .
Ka hoomaopopo ana i ka Radiation a me kona mau hopena
Hōʻike ʻia ka radiation Ionizing e kona hiki ke wehe i nā electrons i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia mai nā ʻātoma, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i ʻole nā iona. Hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ke hoʻopōʻino i nā ʻiʻo olaola, hiki ke hopena i ka maʻi radiation acute a i ʻole nā hopena olakino lōʻihi e like me ke kanesa. No laila, he mea nui ka nānā ʻana i nā pae radiation ma nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho like ʻole, me nā keʻena olakino, nā mea kanu nuklea, a me nā wahi hōʻoia palekana palena.
Nā Manaʻo o ka nānā ʻana i ka Radiation
ʻO ke kumu kumu o ka nānā ʻana i ka radiation e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka helu ʻana i ka hiki ʻana o ka radiation ionizing i kahi kaiapuni. Loaʻa kēia ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike like ʻole e pane i nā ʻano pāhawewe like ʻole, me nā ʻāpana alpha, nā mea beta, nā kukui gamma, a me nā neutrons. ʻO ke koho o ka mea ʻike ma muli o ke noi kikoʻī a me ke ʻano o ka radiation e nānā ʻia.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike i ka nānā ʻana i ka Radiation
1. ʻO nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe palaki:
ʻO nā scintillators plastik nā mea ʻike maka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi nānā radiation like ʻole. ʻO ko lākou ʻano māmā a paʻa i kūpono no nā mea lawe lima. Ke hoʻopili ʻia ka radiation gamma me ka scintillator, hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā ʻōlinolino e hiki ke ʻike ʻia a helu ʻia. Hāʻawi kēia waiwai i ka nānā pono ʻana i nā pae radiation i ka manawa maoli, e hana ana i nā scintillators plastic i koho kaulanaRPMʻōnaehana.
2. He-3 Gas Proportional Counter:
Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ka counter proportional gas He-3 no ka ʻike neutron. Hoʻohana ia ma ka hoʻopiha ʻana i kahi keʻena me ke kinoea helium-3, kahi mea maʻalahi i nā pilina neutron. Ke hoʻokuʻi ka neutron me kahi nucleus helium-3, hoʻopuka ia i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kinoea, e alakaʻi ana i kahi hōʻailona uila hiki ke ana. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia ʻano mea ʻike i nā kaiapuni kahi e hopohopo ai ka radiation neutron, e like me nā hale nuklea a me nā keʻena noiʻi.
3. Nā mea nānā i ka sodium Iodide (NaI):
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea ʻike sodium iodide no ka spectroscopy gamma-ray a me ka ʻike nuclide. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea ʻike mai kahi aniani o ka sodium iodide i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka thallium, e hoʻopuka ana i ka mālamalama i ka wā e launa pū ai ka radiation gamma me ke aniani. Hoʻololi ʻia ke kukui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i hōʻailona uila, e ʻae ai i ka ʻike ʻana i nā isotopes kikoʻī e pili ana i kā lākou pūlima ikehu. He waiwai nui nā mea ʻike NaI i nā noi e koi ana i ka ʻike pololei o nā mea radioactive.
4. ʻO Geiger-Müller (GM) Helu Paipu:
ʻO nā helu helu GM tube kekahi o nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ka radiation. He kūpono lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukui X a me nā kukuna gamma. Hoʻohana ka paipu GM ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kinoea i loko o ka paipu i ka wā e hele ai ka radiation i loko o ia mea, e loaʻa ana i kahi pulse uila hiki ke ana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia ʻenehana i loko o nā dosimeters pilikino a me nā mika loiloi paʻa lima, e hāʻawi ana i nā manaʻo manaʻo koke e pili ana i nā pae hōʻike radiation.
ʻO ka pono o ka nānā ʻana i ka Radiation i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā
ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka radiation i nā keʻena kūikawā; he mea nui ia o ke ola o kela la i keia la. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka radiation background kūlohelohe, a me nā kumu hana mai nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau a me nā noi ʻoihana, pono ka nānā mau ʻana e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka lehulehu. Hoʻolako ʻia nā kahua mokulele, nā awa, a me nā keʻena kuʻuna me nā ʻōnaehana nānā radiation holomua e pale i ka lawe hewa ʻole ʻana o nā mea radioactive, no laila e pale ai i ka lehulehu a me ke kaiapuni.
Mea maʻamauUsedRhoʻohuihuiMhoʻolahaDnā mea hana hewa
1. Mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Radiation Portal (RPM):
RPMhe mau ʻōnaehana maʻalahi i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka nānā ʻana i ka manawa maoli o ka radiation gamma a me nā neutrons. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā wahi komo e like me nā mokulele, nā awa, a me nā keʻena kuʻuna e ʻike i ka lawe hewa ʻana o nā mea radioactive. Hoʻohana maʻamau nā RPM i nā scintillator plastik nui, kūpono i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukuna gamma ma muli o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka manawa pane wikiwiki. ʻO ke kaʻina hana scintillation e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka mālamalama i ka wā e hoʻopili ai ka radiation me ka mea plastik, a laila hoʻololi ʻia i hōʻailona uila no ka loiloi.
2. Mea Hoʻomaopopo Radioisotope (RIID):
(RIID)ʻO ia ka mea hoʻohana i ka sodium iodide (haʻahaʻa potassium) mea ʻike ma muli o ka sodium iodide detector and advanced digital nuclear pulse waveform process technology.
3. Electronic Personal Dosimeter (EPD):
Dosimeter pilikinoHe mea paʻa a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā limahana e hana ana i nā kaiapuni radioactive. Ke hoʻohana maʻamau nei i kahi mea ʻike paipu Geiger-Müller (GM), ʻo kona ʻano kumu liʻiliʻi e hiki ai ke hoʻohana mau i ka lole lōʻihi no ka nānā ʻana i ka manawa maoli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka nui o ka radiation a me ka nui o ka nui. Ke ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻana ma mua o nā paepae alarm i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia, hoʻomaka koke ka mea hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻohana, e hōʻailona ana iā lākou e haʻalele i ka wahi pōʻino.
Ka hopena
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, he hana koʻikoʻi ka nānā ʻana i ka radiation e hoʻohana ana i nā mea ʻike like ʻole e hōʻoia i ka palekana i nā wahi kahi i loaʻa ai ka radiation ionizing. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o Radiation Portal Monitors, plastic scintillators, He-3 gas proportional counters, sodium iodide detectors, a me GM tube counters e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole no ka ʻike ʻana a me ka helu ʻana i ka radiation. He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā loina a me nā ʻenehana ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka radiation no ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino lehulehu a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana palekana ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻenehana i ka holomua, ʻo ka maikaʻi a me ka pono o nā ʻōnaehana nānā radiation e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, e hoʻonui hou i ko mākou hiki ke ʻike a pane aku i nā hoʻoweliweli radiation i ka manawa maoli.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-24-2025