ʻO ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe lima lima, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka mea ʻike radiation paʻa lima, he mea lawe lima i hoʻohana ʻia e ana a ʻike i ka noho ʻana o ka radiation ma ke kaiapuni a puni.He mea pono kēia mau mea hana no ka poʻe ʻoihana e hana ana i nā kula e like me ka ikehu nuklea, ka mālama ola kino, ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni, a me ka pane ulia pōpilikia, a me nā poʻe e hopohopo e pili ana i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka radiation.
No laila, pehea ka amika uila paʻa limahana?Ke hana nei kēia mau mea hana ma muli o nā loina o ka ʻike a me ke ana ʻana.Nui nā ʻano mika radiation paʻa lima, e hoʻohana ana kēlā me kēia i nā ʻenehana like ʻole e ʻike a ana i ka radiation.ʻO kekahi ʻano maʻamau, ʻo ia ka Geiger-Muller (GM) detector, nona ka paipu piha piha i ke kinoea e hoʻopuka ana i ka pulse uila i ka wā e launa pū ai ka radiation me nā molekole kinoea i loko o ka paipu.ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻo ia ka mea ʻike scintillation, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi aniani e hoʻopuka ana i ka mālamalama ke hahau ʻia e nā ʻāpana radiation.Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike semiconductor, e like me ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i ka silicon a i ʻole germanium, i nā mika radiation paʻa.
Ke hoʻopili ʻia ka radiation me ka mea ʻike, hoʻopuka ia i kahi hōʻailona e hana ʻia a hōʻike ʻia ma ka pale o ka mea.Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā heluhelu i ka nui o ka nui o ka radiation, i hōʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāpana e like me nā microsieverts i kēlā me kēia hola (µSv/h), a me ka nui o ka nui i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma kahi manawa.Hiki i kekahi mau mika hoʻoheheʻe lima paʻa kiʻekiʻe ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka radiation i ʻike ʻia, e like me ka alpha, beta, a i ʻole gamma radiation.
Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻike ʻana a me ke ana ʻana i ka radiation, ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā mika radiation paʻa lima e lilo i mea hoʻohana a lawe ʻia.Hoʻolakoʻia lākou me nāʻano hiʻohiʻona e hoʻonui i kā lākou hana a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana.Nui nā hiʻohiʻona i kahi hoʻolālā paʻa a māmā, e maʻalahi lākou e lawe a hana i nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho like ʻole.Hoʻokomo pinepine lākou i kahi hōʻike kikohoʻe e hōʻike ana i nā pae hoʻoheheʻe manawa maoli, a me nā mea kani a me nā ʻike maka e makaʻala i ka mea hoʻohana i nā pae hoʻoheheʻe weliweli.Hāʻawi kekahi mau mea hana i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa inoa, e ʻae i nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻopaʻa a hoʻopaʻa i nā ana radiation i ka manawa.
ʻO nā noi onā mika uila lima limaʻokoʻa a ākea.I ka ʻoihana ikehu nuklea, hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e nānā i nā pae radiation i nā mea kanu nuklea, nā hale noiʻi, a i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i nā mea radioactive.I ka mālama olakino, hoʻohana ʻia lākou e ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka radiation i nā kaʻina hana imaging a me ka hōʻoia i ka palekana o nā limahana lapaʻau a me nā mea maʻi.Hoʻohana nā keʻena kiaʻi kaiapuni i nā mika radiation paʻa e loiloi i nā pae o ka radiation i ke kaiapuni, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā ulia nuklea a i ʻole ka hoʻohaumia radioactive.Eia kekahi, hilinaʻi nā mea pane ulia pōpilikia i kēia mau mea e loiloi i nā pōʻino radiation i ka wā o nā hanana e like me nā ulia ʻoihana, nā pōʻino kūlohelohe, a i ʻole nā hana hoʻoweliweli e pili ana i nā mea radioactive.
He mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo ʻoiai ʻo nā mika radiation paʻa lima he mau mea hana waiwai no ka ʻike ʻana a me ke ana ʻana i ka radiation, ʻaʻole ia he pani no nā hana palekana radiation kūpono a me nā hana pale.Pono nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i kēia mau mea hana a hoʻomaopopo i nā palena o nā mika radiation paʻa lima ma nā ʻano like ʻole.Eia kekahi, pono ka calibration maʻamau a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hana e hōʻoia i nā ana pololei a hilinaʻi.
I ka hopena,nā mika uila lima limahe kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana i nā pōʻino radiation ma nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole a pilikino.Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana ʻike kiʻekiʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona mea hoʻohana, hiki i kēia mau mea lawe lima ke hiki i nā poʻe a me nā hui ke nānā a pane maikaʻi i nā pilikia radiation.ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā mika radiation paʻa lima a me kā lākou mau noi he mea nui ia no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka palekana radiation a me ka pale ʻana i ke olakino lehulehu a me ke kaiapuni.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-20-2024